Subak Water Management, Bali

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Subak is the name of water management, known as irrigation system, for paddy fields on Bali island, Indonesia, which has been developed more than 1,000 year ago. It located on Jatiluwih, Penebel sub-district, Tabanan regency, Bali. For Balinese, irrigation is not simply providing water for the plant's roots, but water is used to construct a complex, pulsed artificial ecosystem. Paddy fields in Bali were built around water temples and the allocation of water is made by a priest.


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Subak is a traditional ecologically sustainable irrigation system that binds Balinese agrarian society together within the village's Bale Banjar community center and Balinese temples. The water managements is under the authority of the priests in water temples without forget about Tri Hita Karana Phylosophy which is relationship between humans the earth and the gods.

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Since the 1960s, Bali has attracted travelers and tourist worldwide as part of Indonesian tourism. Estimates indicate about 1,000 hectares of paddy fields are converted into tourist facilities and housing annually threatening the age-old system. Moreover, Subak now has eventually been enlisted as a UNESCO world heritage site since 2002.