Kayan Mentarang National Park, Bulungan - East Kalimantan
Kayan Mentarang National Park included in the government administrative Bulungan District, East Kalimantan Province , Indonesia, with the coordinates 01 º 59'-04 º 24 'N 114 º 49'-116 º 16' east longitude. In 1980, Kayan Mentarang National Park (KMNP) designated as a nature reserve. In 1996, KMNP is to serve as national parks and jungle tours through the decision of the Minister of Forestry, namely SK. No. 631/Kpts-II/1996. Wide whole region KMNP is 1.3605 million hectares (ha). KMNP consists of flat areas, hilly, and mountainous, with altitude between 200-2558 meters above sea level.
The highest peak is Mount Longnawan. This park has a tropical climate with average rainfall is 3,000 mm per year and air temperatures between 20.5 º -33 º C. The best year to visit is between September and December in each year. Kayan Mentarang National Park have primary and secondary forests of the largest, oldest, and the remaining in Southeast Asia. Kayan Mentarang name taken from the names of two important rivers in the region KMNP, the Kayan River, located in the south and Mentarang River in the north.
In Kayan Mentarang National Park we have several types of plants, namely Pulai (Alstonia scholaris), jelutung (Dyera costulata), ramin (Gonystylus bancanus), agathis (Agathis borneensis), ironwood (Eusideroxylon zwageri), Rengas (Gluta wallichii), aloes (Aquilaria malacensis), sugar palm (Arenga pinnata), various kinds of orchids, semar bag, and palm. In the forest there are mountains of Rhododendron, which is a family of flowering plants that can only be obtained in the northern part of mainland Asia.
Variety of animals that exist in Kayan Mentarang National Park this is the form of 100 species of mammals (15 species of them endemic), 8 species of primates, and more than 310 species of birds (28 species including the endangered endemic to Borneo). Wildlife species include mammals, clouded leopard (Neofelis nebulosa), cat impact (Prionailurus planicipes), mongoose (Felis marmorata), a red cat (Felis Badia), sun bear (Helarctos malayanus), banteng (Bos javanicus), deer (Muntiacus spp ), wild boar (Sus sp), and squirrel jenthik (Sundaicurus jentiki subsiganus). Animal species of primates are white forehead langur (Presbytis frontata), red monkey (Presbytis rubicunda), monkey (Macaca nemestrina), bekatan / kahau (Nasalis lavaratus), klampiau (Hylobates mulleri), long-tailed macaques (Macaca fasicularis), and tarsiers ( Tarsius bancanus). While the wildlife species of birds are kuau dwarf (Polyplectron schleimacheri), looming black crested (Aceros corrugatus), black crested hornbills (Anthrococeros malayanus), hornbills ivory (Bucceros vigil), and cucak swamp (Pycnonotus zeylanicus).
Visitors who are lucky get to see animals that were once thought extinct from the earth of Borneo, the Borneo elephant (Elephas maximus borneensis). Based suvei Natural Resource Conservation Center in East Kalimantan, Wildlife Fund (World Wild-life Fund / WWF) Indonesia, and Biodiversity Laboratory, Faculty of Forestry University Mulawarman in February and March 2007, the Borneo elephant population there are only approximately 25 to 45 tail . This elephant is a sub-species of Asian elephant. There are allegations that the elephant was deliberately brought to the island of Borneo.
Privileges Kayan Mentarang National Park is in addition to a variety of biological and animal, as well as the growth of the Dayak culture. In this park, there are about 20000-25000 people of the Dayak community, such as Tribe Kenyah, Punan, Lun Daye, Tagel, and Lun Bawang. They still maintain the tradition, such as staying at home Lamin, which is typical Dayak houses on stilts that can carry 100 people. Their livelihood comes from farming activities. They turned out to have local knowledge in accordance with the principles of nature conservation. They have the knowledge and the independence of how to maintain biodiversity in their environment. For example, the Dayak community clearly understands how to maintain and collect different varieties and types of rice.
There are several types of activities offered in the area Kayan Mentarang National Park this, among them are hiking, natural scenery, jungle tracking, along the rivers, waterfalls, and so forth. This park can also function as a natural research area for students, lecturers, and researchers in the field of nature conservation and the environment.
In the region there are KMNP lodgings that can be used by visitors to rest. In addition, there are also other facilities, like the gatehouse, paths, speed boat / klotok, and so forth.
Visitors can use air transport to reach the location of national parks, such as aircraft. From Samarinda to Tarakan can be taken within one hour. The journey then continued by using a speed boat / klotok by browsing Mentarang River within six hours. Actually in this national park there are three river
Source: bestindonesiaislands.com
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